{"id":29272,"date":"2023-01-03T15:09:03","date_gmt":"2023-01-03T07:09:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.accscicn.com\/?p=29272"},"modified":"2023-10-20T10:21:11","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T02:21:11","slug":"what-is-pvd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.accscicn.com\/en\/solutions\/nanofabrication\/what-is-pvd\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) types, characteristics and applications"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"29272\" class=\"elementor elementor-29272\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1eabcbac elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1eabcbac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51cf1eb2\" data-id=\"51cf1eb2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24058a1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24058a1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 20-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction to Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) types, characteristics and applications<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7407db42 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"7407db42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor-pro - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-table-of-contents .elementor-toc__header-title{color:var(--header-color)}.elementor-widget-table-of-contents.elementor-toc--collapsed .elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse,.elementor-widget-table-of-contents:not(.elementor-toc--collapsed) .elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand{display:none}.elementor-widget-table-of-contents .elementor-widget-container{min-height:var(--box-min-height);border:var(--box-border-width,1px) solid var(--box-border-color,#9da5ae);border-radius:var(--box-border-radius,3px);background-color:var(--box-background-color);transition:min-height .4s;overflow:hidden}.elementor-toc__header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--box-padding,20px);background-color:var(--header-background-color);border-bottom:var(--separator-width,1px) solid var(--box-border-color,#9da5ae)}.elementor-toc__header-title{font-size:18px;margin:0;color:var(--header-color);flex-grow:1}.elementor-toc__toggle-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex}.elementor-toc__toggle-button i{color:var(--toggle-button-color)}.elementor-toc__toggle-button svg{height:1em;width:1em;fill:var(--toggle-button-color)}.elementor-toc__spinner-container{text-align:center}.elementor-toc__spinner{font-size:2em}.elementor-toc__spinner.e-font-icon-svg{height:1em;width:1em}.elementor-toc__body{padding:var(--box-padding,20px);max-height:var(--toc-body-max-height);overflow-y:auto}.elementor-toc__body::-webkit-scrollbar{width:7px}.elementor-toc__body::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:#babfc5;border-radius:10px}.elementor-toc__list-wrapper{list-style:none;padding:0}.elementor-toc__list-item{margin-bottom:.5em}.elementor-toc__list-item.elementor-item-active{font-weight:700}.elementor-toc__list-item .elementor-toc__list-wrapper{margin-top:.5em;margin-inline-start:var(--nested-list-indent,1em)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text{transition-duration:var(--item-text-transition-duration)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text:hover{color:var(--item-text-hover-color);-webkit-text-decoration:var(--item-text-hover-decoration);text-decoration:var(--item-text-hover-decoration)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text.elementor-item-active{color:var(--item-text-active-color);-webkit-text-decoration:var(--item-text-active-decoration);text-decoration:var(--item-text-active-decoration)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper{display:flex;align-items:center}.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper:before,.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper i{margin-inline-end:8px;color:var(--marker-color)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper svg{margin-inline-end:8px;fill:var(--marker-color);height:var(--marker-size,.5em);width:var(--marker-size,.5em)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper i{font-size:var(--marker-size,.5em)}.elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper:before{font-size:var(--marker-size,1em)}.elementor-toc--content-ellipsis .elementor-toc__list-item-text{white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.elementor-toc__list-items--collapsible>.elementor-toc__list-wrapper>.elementor-toc__list-item>.elementor-toc__list-wrapper{display:none}.elementor-toc__heading-anchor{position:absolute}.elementor-toc__body .elementor-toc__list-item-text{color:var(--item-text-color);-webkit-text-decoration:var(--item-text-decoration);text-decoration:var(--item-text-decoration);transition-duration:var(--item-text-transition-duration)}.elementor-toc__body .elementor-toc__list-item-text:hover{color:var(--item-text-hover-color);-webkit-text-decoration:var(--item-text-hover-decoration);text-decoration:var(--item-text-hover-decoration)}.elementor-toc__body .elementor-toc__list-item-text.elementor-item-active{color:var(--item-text-active-color);-webkit-text-decoration:var(--item-text-active-decoration);text-decoration:var(--item-text-active-decoration)}ol.elementor-toc__list-wrapper{counter-reset:item}ol.elementor-toc__list-wrapper .elementor-toc__list-item{counter-increment:item}ol.elementor-toc__list-wrapper .elementor-toc__list-item-text-wrapper:before{content:counters(item,\".\") \". \"}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCatalog\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7407db42\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7407db42\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__7407db42\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19695acf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19695acf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-608aa077 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"608aa077\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 20-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OEy6dgQA2o6wgCxU1pucvJ10nEe\">Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a technique that uses physical methods under vacuum conditions to vaporize the surface of solid or liquid materials into gaseous atoms, molecules or partially ionized into ions, and to deposit thin films with a particular function on the surface of the substrate through a low-pressure gas (or plasma) process.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OEy6dgQA2o6wgCxU1pucvJ10nEe\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-UkoUdoC8Go0sGcxGyk9cfrPTnMb\">Physical vapor deposition technology can not only deposit metal film, alloy film, but also compound, ceramic, semiconductor, polymer film, etc. It is a new material manufacturing technology with wide application prospect. The super hard film prepared by this technology is not only super hard, but also ultra-thin, high temperature resistant, non-polluting and almost zero emission, which is suitable for the special performance requirements of wear resistance, oxidation resistance, anti-corrosion and self-lubrication on the surface of tools, parts and friction and wear parts, and is one of the most promising and valuable technologies in modern surface engineering.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150eeee elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"150eeee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 20-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7afac6a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7afac6a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Physical Vapor Deposition Types<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42115e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42115e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"UGy9d0v5UoJAVxxcSQFcybhsnwb\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-MCIKdoCekoKWOIxWKqncpINunlf\"><table><colgroup> <col width=\"77\" \/> <col width=\"241\" \/> <col width=\"241\" \/> <col width=\"241\" \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"77\" height=\"28\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;PVD\u5de5\u827a&quot;\">PVD<\/td><td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"241\" height=\"28\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u4f18\u70b9&quot;\">Advantages<\/td><td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"241\" height=\"28\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u7f3a\u70b9&quot;\">Disadvantages<\/td><td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"241\" height=\"28\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u5e94\u7528&quot;\">Applications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"77\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u771f\u7a7a\u84b8\u9540&quot;\">Vacuum Vapor Deposition<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u25cf \u539f\u7406\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6c89\u79ef\u53c2\u6570\u6613\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\\n\u25cf \u8584\u819c\u7eaf\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8584\u819c\u6027\u8d28\u7814\u7a76\\n\u25cf \u6c89\u79ef\u901f\u7387\u5feb\u3001\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u591a\u5757\u540c\u65f6\u84b8\u9540\\n\u25cf \u9002\u7528\u6750\u6599\u8f83\u591a\\n\u25cf \u662fPVD\u5de5\u827a\u4e2d\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f4e\u7684&quot;\">\u25cf Simple principle, easy operation, easy control of deposition parameters<br \/>\u25cf High film purity for thin film property studies<br \/>\u25cf Fast deposition rate and high efficiency, multiple blocks can be vaporized simultaneously<br \/>\u25cf More applicable materials<br \/>\u25cf It is the lowest cost among PVD processes<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u8584\u819c\u4e0e\u886c\u5e95\u7684\u9644\u7740\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u5de5\u827a\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u60f3&quot;\">Relatively poor film-to-substrate adhesion and less than ideal process repeatability<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u771f\u7a7a\u84b8\u9540\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u3001\u4f4e\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u5e72\u6d89\u9540\u819c\u3001\u955c\u9762\u9540\u819c\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u9540\u819c\u3001\u8f6f\u5305\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u4e0a\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u963b\u9694\u819c\u3001\u5bfc\u7535\u819c\u3001\u9632\u8150\u8680\u6d82\u5c42\u7b49\u3002\u6c89\u79ef\u91d1\u5c5e\u65f6\uff0c\u771f\u7a7a\u84b8\u9540\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u771f\u7a7a\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u3002&quot;\">Vacuum vapor deposition is used for optical interference coating of high and low refractive index materials, mirror coating, decorative coating, permeation barrier film on soft packaging materials, conductive film, anti-corrosion coating, etc. When depositing metals, vacuum vapor deposition is sometimes called vacuum metallization.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"77\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u6e85\u5c04\u6c89\u79ef&quot;\">Sputtering Deposition<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u25cf \u8584\u819c\u4e0e\u886c\u5e95\u9644\u7740\u6027\u597d\\n\u25cf \u8584\u819c\u7eaf\u5ea6\u9ad8\\n\u25cf \u81f4\u5bc6\u6027\u597d\u3001\u65e0\u6c14\u5b54\\n\u25cf \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fa\u4f53\u6750\u6599\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7194\u70b9\u9ad8\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff09\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5927\\n\u25cf \u6e85\u5c04\u9540\u5de5\u827a\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\\n&quot;\">\u25cf Good film-substrate adhesion<br \/>\u25cf High film purity<br \/>\u25cf Good denseness, no air holes<br \/>\u25cf Applicable to most solid materials (especially materials with high melting points), with a wide range of material applications<br \/>\u25cf Good controllability and repeatability of the sputtering process for industrial production<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u25cf \u8bbe\u5907\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6c89\u79ef\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236\u8f83\u96be\\n\u25cf \u6c89\u79ef\u901f\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\\n\u25cf \u6c89\u79ef\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u4e0d\u5982\u771f\u7a7a\u84b8\u9540\\n\u25cf \u6e85\u5c04\u9776\u6750\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u4e3a\u6602\u8d35\\n\u25cf \u6e85\u5c04\u6c89\u79ef\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u4ed4\u7ec6\u63a7\u5236\u6c14\u4f53\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u9776\u6750\u4e2d\u6bd2\\n&quot;\">\u25cf Complex equipment and difficult to control deposition parameters<br \/>\u25cf Low deposition rate<br \/>\u25cf Deposition directionality is not as good as vacuum vapor deposition<br \/>\u25cf Sputtering targets are usually more expensive<br \/>\u25cf Careful control of gas composition is required during sputtering deposition to prevent target poisoning<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"141\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u6e85\u5c04\u6c89\u79ef\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4e0a\u6c89\u79ef\u8584\u819c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u73bb\u7483\u4e0a\u7684\u6d82\u5c42\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u6d82\u5c42\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u78c1\u6027\u8584\u819c\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u67d4\u6027\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5bfc\u7535\u8584\u819c\u3001\u5e72\u819c\u6da6\u6ed1\u5242\u3001\u8010\u78e8\u6d82\u5c42\u5728\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u88c5\u9970\u6d82\u5c42\u4e0a\u3002&quot;\">Sputter deposition is widely used to deposit thin film metallization on semiconductor materials, coatings on architectural glass, reflective coatings on polymers, magnetic films for storage media, transparent conductive films on glass and flexible webs, dry film lubricants, wear resistant coatings on tools and decorative coatings.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"77\" height=\"103\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u79bb\u5b50\u9540&quot;\">Ion plating<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"103\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u25cf \u8584\u819c\u4e0e\u886c\u5e95\u9644\u7740\u6027\u597d\\n\u25cf \u81f4\u5bc6\u6027\u9ad8\\n\u25cf \u8010\u78e8\u8010\u8150\u8680\u6027\u597d\\n\u25cf \u6750\u6599\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5927&quot;\">\u25cf Good film-substrate adhesion<br \/>\u25cf High denseness<br \/>\u25cf Good abrasion and corrosion resistance<br \/>\u25cf Wide range of material applications<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"103\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u25cf \u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u52a0\u5de5\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u63a7\u5236\\n\u25cf \u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u886c\u5e95\u8868\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u5747\u5300\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u8f70\u51fb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8584\u819c\u7279\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\\n\u25cf \u886c\u5e95\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u70ed\u8fc7\u5ea6\\n\u25cf \u8f70\u51fb\u6c14\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u878d\u5165\u751f\u957f\u7684\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\\n&quot;\">\u25cf There are many processing variables to control<br \/>\u25cf It is often difficult to obtain uniform ion bombardment on the substrate surface, resulting in changes in film properties<br \/>\u25cf Substrate may be overheated<br \/>\u25cf Bombardment gas may be incorporated into the growing film<\/td><td width=\"241\" height=\"103\" data-sheet-value=\"&quot;\u79bb\u5b50\u9540\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u590d\u6742\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6c89\u79ef\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u786c\u8d28\u6d82\u5c42\u3001\u9644\u7740\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d82\u5c42\u3001\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5149\u5b66\u6d82\u5c42\u548c\u4fdd\u5f62\u6d82\u5c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u79bb\u5b50\u9540\u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u90e8\u4ef6\u4e0a\u6c89\u79ef\u94dd\u819c\u79f0\u4e3a\u79bb\u5b50\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\u3002&quot;\">Ion plating is used to deposit hard coatings of composite materials, adhered metal coatings, high density optical coatings and conformal coatings on complex surfaces. The use of ion plating to deposit aluminum films on aerospace components is called ion vapor deposition.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-217e47f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"217e47f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29c3cf7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"29c3cf7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vacuum Vapor Deposition<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5efed5ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5efed5ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-GOsCdkWKIoEiOqxgLtKcEqsLn9e\">Vacuum evaporation coating is the most common and widespread method in thin film preparation. The principle is to use the heat provided by the outside world to make the film material (thin film material) liquefy by heat and then vaporize, or directly vaporize into a gaseous state and deposit it onto the substrate to form a thin film under vacuum. According to the source of heat, it is divided into: resistance evaporation plating, electron beam (EB)-coating, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), induction heating evaporation plating (Induction- heatedevaporation), etc.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76a18ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"76a18ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e770223 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e770223\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sputtering Deposition<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73036acc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73036acc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XNWvd0Er4ogPewxzjOMcotAXn9e\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FgiEdU0yiosesexo5VBcw9Vunfh\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YiyedKiqUoWES6xIXcFczDhqnje\">It is a coating technology that generates ions (Ar) by gas discharge under vacuum conditions and uses positively charged fluorine ions to bombard a solid target with negative potential, so that the target atoms are sputtered out and deposited onto the substrate surface to form a thin film. Vacuum sputtering coating is classified according to different sputtering devices: dipole, tripole or quadrupole sputtering, DC or RF wire<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accscicn.com\/en\/solutions\/nanofabrication\/what-is-magnetron-sputtering\/\">Magnetron sputtering<\/a><\/strong>The most widely used are magnetron sputtering, reaction sputtering, ion beam sputtering, etc. Among them, magnetron sputtering is widely used, including DC planar magnetron sputtering, columnar target magnetron sputtering, non-equilibrium magnetron sputtering, pulsed DC magnetron sputtering, RF magnetron sputtering and medium frequency magnetron sputtering, etc.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09a4969 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"09a4969\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0192564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0192564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ion plating<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14cf98b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14cf98b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XNWvd0Er4ogPewxzjOMcotAXn9e\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-FgiEdU0yiosesexo5VBcw9Vunfh\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YiyedKiqUoWES6xIXcFczDhqnje\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-IcgWdgSukoaSyuxQB9QcZa9vnpd\">Ion plating is one of the fastest growing and most widely used coating technologies. The film material (thin film material) is changed from a solid state to a gaseous state in the same way as evaporation plating or as sputtering plating, but the gaseous film material participates in a glow discharge with the working gas during the subsequent transport process and is partially dissociated into ions and electrons, which are deposited onto the negatively charged substrate to form a thin film.<strong>Ion plating can be basically divided into three main categories: plasma ion plating (ion plating), arc vapor deposition (arc vapor deposition) and beam ion plating (ion beam deposition).<\/strong>The most typical features that distinguish ion plating from evaporation and sputtering plating are: (i) in ion plating, the atoms of the vaporized film material undergo a dissociation process, and (ii) in ion plating, the substrate is usually subjected to negative bias. Coatings that meet these two conditions can basically be classified as ion plating.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39a36524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"39a36524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5653844a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5653844a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Common Applications<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6389e741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6389e741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XNWvd0Er4ogPewxzjOMcotAXn9e\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NE6Gd2gsooEIooxOu0ycPcSvnVg\">The range of physical vapor deposition (PVD) applications is increasing. Thin films are usually classified into different categories.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88ae6c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"88ae6c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XNWvd0Er4ogPewxzjOMcotAXn9e\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NE6Gd2gsooEIooxOu0ycPcSvnVg\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><ul class=\"list-bullet1\"><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Hgq6dmck2o6CwixCmSAce9yFn0b\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Color PVD coating<\/strong>--Enhancing the durability, beauty and value of products<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-QsmodCWW6ou6y0xIH08cpB9Tn8f\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>High Performance Coating<\/strong>--Heat\/cold\/pressure\/scale\/corrosion resistance, biocompatibility<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-S088do8ycoOMG0xM1zNcXDdenUd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Diamond-like carbon<\/strong>--Maximize durability, reduce friction or improve appearance<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YMsAdkoYuo6O00xC8EWciirbnxc\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>PVD Chrome Plating Alternatives<\/strong> An attractive, durable and safe alternative to hard chrome<\/div><\/li><li class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YiYUd4SgCoiUOCx87IkcxvkonMd\" data-list=\"bullet\"><div><strong>Copper coating<\/strong>--Copper can be used for its unique appearance and antimicrobial properties<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-403d516 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"403d516\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"XNWvd0Er4ogPewxzjOMcotAXn9e\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-NE6Gd2gsooEIooxOu0ycPcSvnVg\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div data-page-id=\"HVETdIQfdoZzbgx03qYcvQsDn1c\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\"><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-W2gcdCIeWoqCi2xQzuHcgNUYnZf\"><strong>Household products.<\/strong>Coated with PVD film for color change and durability. Faucets may also include internal water metering valves coated with PVD diamond-like carbon layer (DLC) film for long-lasting performance.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-C4MOd8ga6ouKkkxs5S7clkwknre\"><strong>Automobile.<\/strong>PVD coatings allow engine parts and drivetrain components to last longer, due to lower friction, higher operating efficiency, high temperature and corrosion resistance. Coatings for internal combustion engines, drivetrain components of ICE\/EV vehicles and interior\/exterior trim parts.<\/div><div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Siumd8G4UoqUsCxAVh9cYqornhd\"><strong>Medical equipment.<\/strong>Medical devices require properties not found in substrates, such as excellent hardness and toughness, biocompatibility, low coefficient of friction, and compatibility with cleaning agents and other solvents. For orthopedic implants, surgical instruments, dental implants, etc.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e1703c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7e1703c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-123d36aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"123d36aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We offer <a href=\"https:\/\/www.accscicn.com\/en\/nanofabrication\/fabrication-coating\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Physical Vapor Deposition \/ Micro and Nanostructure 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